رباعیّات مولانا
Rumi’s Rubā’iyyāt (Quatrains)
Rumi's Rubā'iyyāt (Quatrains)
از مولانا بیش از ١۵۰۰ رباعی به جا مانده که در آنها جنبه‌های گوناگون پدیده‌های جهان اندیشه، زندگی زمینی با عشق‌هایش و نهایتاً عُنصُر عشق در دنیای عرفان، ذکر شده‌است. این رباعیات از نهایت ظرافت طبع و زیبایی هنر برخوردار است و سخت به دل می‌نشیند. می‌توان عُرفِ عرفان را در بسیاری از رباعیات رومی به چشم دل دید و به جان نشاند. چند رباعی زیر از این عارفِ شاعر گزینه شده که به طور قطع و یقین بر جان صاحب‌دلان خواهد نشست
More than 1500 of Rumi’s رباعیّات rubā’iyyāt ‘quatrains’ are still accessible to us today, which cover topics ranging from philosophy and ‘earthbound’ love, to love within the world of mysticism, so-called ‘divine love’. Rumi’s rubā’iyyāt showcase his elegant prose and creative flair whilst really tugging at your heartstrings. One can also feel his mystic teachings permeate his writing in subtle ways. On this page we have chosen a select few of his rubā’iyyāt which we hope will make you ponder:
Rubā'i 1
Recited by Narguess Farzad
‘I’m heartsick and seeing you is the only cure,
When I can’t see your face, this world becomes my prison,
When we are apart, I feel a sadness in my soul,
Which I don’t wish any other soul to experience.’
Deltang-am-o didār-e to darmān-e man-ast
Bi-rang-e rokh-at zamāne zendān-e man-ast
Bar hich deli mabād-o bar hich tani
Ānch-az gham-e hejrān-e to bar jān-e man-ast
دلتنگم و دیدار تو درمان منست
بی‌رنگ رخت زمانه زندان منست
بر هیچ دلی مباد و بر هیچ تنی
آنچ از غم هجران تو بر جان منست
Vocabulary:
| دلتنگ | Del-tang | ‘Heartsick, homesick, sad’ |
| زمانه | Zamāne | ‘World’ or sometimes ‘time period, era’ |
| هجران | Gham-e hejrān | ‘The sadness one feels when one is separated from a loved one’ |
Rubā'i 2
Recited by Narguess Farzad
‘There is no vigour or joy without love,
There is no beauty in existence without love,
If one hundred raindrops fall into the sea,
They will never turn into pearls without love.’
Bi-eshq neshāt-o tarab afzun nashavad
Bi-eshq vojud khub-o mowzun nashavad
Sad qatre ze abr agar be daryā rizad
Bi-jonbesh-e eshq dorr-e maknun nashavad
بیعشق نشاط و طرب افزون نشود
بیعشق وجود خوب و موزون نشود
صد قطره ز ابر اگر به دریا ریزد
بی‌جنبش عشق درّ مکنون نشود
| نشاط | Neshāt | ’Happiness, pleasure, joy’ |
| طرب | Tarab | ‘Rapture, excitement, glee’ |
| افزون شدن | Afzun shodan | ‘To increase’ |
| خوب و موزون | Khub-o mowzun | In the poem above, this phrase has been translated into English simply as ‘beauty’. A more literal translation would be ‘good and harmonious’. |
| بی‌جنبشِ عشق | Bi-jonbesh-e eshq | ‘Without love’ (literally ‘without the motion/movement of love’). |
| دُرِّ مکنون | Dorr-e maknun | ‘[hidden] pearls’. The native Persian synonym for دُرّ dorr is مروارید morvārid/marvarid. |
Rubā'i 3
Recited by Narguess Farzad
‘On the road to finding oneself, wisdom and craziness are one and the same,
On the path to love, you and a stranger are one and the same,
Those lovers who are reunited by the wine of God,
In their eyes, the Ka’ba and the temple are one and the same.’
Dar rāh-e talab āqel-o divāne yeki-st
Dar shive-ye eshq khish-o bigāne yeki-st
Ān rā ke sharāb-e vasl-e jānān dādand
Dar mazhab-e u ka’be-vo bot-khāne yeki-st
در راه طلب عاقل و دیوانه یکی‌ست
در شیوۀ عشق خویش و بیگانه یکی‌ست
آن را که شراب وصل جانان دادند
در مذهب او کعبه و بتخانه یکی‌ست
| راه طلب | Rāh-e talab | ‘The road of searching/seeking’ (called وادیِ طَلَب vādi-ye talab ‘the valley of seeking’ by Sheikh Attār). This is the first of the seven stages on the path to Sufi enlightenment. |
| عاقل | Āqel | ‘Intelligent, smart, endowed with reason’. (Āqel is the active participle of the Arabic root ع-ق-ل ‘related to understanding/intelligence’. From this root we also have the word عَقل aql, meaning ‘intellect, reason, understanding’). |
| شیوه | Shive | ‘Method, style, way’ (translated in the poem above as ‘path’) |
| خویش | Khish | ‘Oneself’ (a synonym of خود khod) |
| بیگانه | Bigāne | This word can either be a noun or an adjective. Noun: ‘stranger, foreigner, outsider’. Adjective: ‘strange, foreign, unfamiliar’. In the poem above it is acting as a noun. |
| وصل | Vasl | ‘Joining, connecting, coming together, uniting with the eternal beloved’ |
| مذهب | Mazhab | Has the primary meaning of ‘Religious denomination or sect’ (for example Sunni or Shi’a). Mazhab can also mean ‘faith’ more generally. In the poem above it is best translated as ‘viewpoint, opinion’, so the English translation of ‘in their eyes’ has been chosen. |
| کعبه | Ka’ba | ‘The Kaaba/Ka’ba’ (the stone building at the centre of Mecca; the holy site which Muslims around the world pray towards). |
| بتخانه | Bot-khāne | ‘Temple’ (From بُت bot ‘idol’ + خانه khāne ‘house’) |
Rubā'i 4
Recited by Narguess Farzad
‘Pray close this open door between us, my love,
As it is breaking my suffering heart, my love,
My heartbreak and I are waiting outside your door,
It seems you prefer a broken heart, my love.’
Bar man dar-e vasl baste mi-dārad dust
Del rā be anā shekaste mi-dārad dust
Z-in pas man-o del-shekastegi bar dar-e u
Chun dust del-e shekaste mi-dārad dust
بر من در وصل بسته می‌دارد دوست
دل را به عنا شکسته می‌دارد دوست
زین پس من و دل‌شکستگی بر در او
چون دوست، دل شکسته می‌دارد دوست
| عَنا | Anā | ‘Hardship, suffering, torment’ |
| دل‌شکستگی | Del-shekastegi | ‘Heartbreak’ |
Rubā'i 5
Recited by Narguess Farzad
‘When your lover gets too close with your enemy,
You should not stay with such a lover,
Refrain from that honey tainted with poison,
Escape from that poisonous insect who is sitting with a snake.’
Bā doshman-e to chu yār bisyār neshast
Bā yār nashāyad-at degar bār neshast
Parhiz az ān asal ke bā zahr āmikht
Bogriz az ān magas ke bā mār neshast
با دشمن تو چو یار بسیار نشست
با یار نشایدت دگر بار نشست
پرهیز از آن عسل که با زهر آمیخت
بگریز از آن مگس که با مار نشست
Vocabulary:
| دشمن | Dushman | ‘Enemy’ |
| نشایدت | Nashāyad-at | ‘You should not’ (rather archaic) |
| پرهیز از | Parhiz az | ‘Refrain from’ |
| عسل | Asal | ‘Honey’ |
| زهر آمیختن | Zahr āmikhtan | ‘To mix with poison’ |
| بگریز | Bogriz | ‘Escape, flee’ (the imperative of the verb کرختن gorekhtan ‘to flee, escape’) |
| مگس | Magas | ‘Insect, fly’ |
Rubā'i 6
Recited by Narguess Farzad
‘I will speak to you without words,
I will hide my speech from prying ears,
Although I will be speaking amongst the crowd,
No one but you will comprehend my story.’
Bā to sokhanān-e bi-zabān khāham goft
Az jomle-ye gush-hā nahān khāham goft
Joz gush-e to nashnavad hadis-e man kas
Harchand miyān-e mardomān khāham goft
با تو سخنان بی‌زبان خواهم گفت
از جملۀ گوش‌ها نهان خواهم گفت
جز گوش تو نشنود حدیث من کس
هرچند میان مردمان خواهم گفت
Vocabulary:
| سخنانِ بی‌زبان | Sokhanān-e bi-zabān | ‘Speaking in silence’ [literally: ‘tongueless speeches’] |
| از جملۀ گوش‌ها | Az jomle-ye gush-hā | ‘From all ears’ (here جملۀ jomle-ye is a synonym of همۀ hame-ye ‘all of’). |
| نهان | Nahān | ‘Hidden’ (a synonym of پنهان penhān) |
| حدیث | Hadis | Primarily means ‘Hadith; Islamic religious scripture’, but can also be used to describe ‘one’s personal story’, or ‘the story of one’s life’, or ‘story’, ‘news’ more generally. |
Rubā'i 7
Recited by Narguess Farzad
‘In my mind, I am longing for something else,
My beautiful beloved is somebody else.
I swear to God that love is no longer enough,
Because after autumn there will be another spring.’
Andar sar-e mā hemmat-e kāri degar ast
Ma’shuqe-ye khub-e mā negāri degar ast
V-allah ke be eshq niz qāne’ nashavim
Mā rā pas az in khazān bahāri degar ast
اندر سر ما همّت کاری دگر است
معشوقۀ خوب ما نگاری دگر است
والله که به عشق نیز قانع نشویم
ما را پس از این خزان بهاری دگر است
| همّتِ کاری | Hemmat-e kāri | Literally: ‘work aspiration’, but figuratively meaning the things that you long to do. |
| معشوقه | Ma’shuqe | The feminine form of معشوق ma’shuq ‘beloved’, therefore referring to a female beloved one. |
| خوب | Khub | Here, خوب khub is a synonym of زیبا zibā ‘beautiful’. |
| نگاری | Negāri | This word means both ‘painting’ and ‘beloved’. In this particular poem, نگاری negāri has the meaning of ‘a beloved’. |
| والله | V-allah | ‘I swear [to God]’ (in this particular poem in order to maintain the rhythm, v-allāh should be pronounced v-allah). |
| قانع شدن | Qāne’ shodan | ‘To be content [with]’ |
| خزان | Khazān | ‘Autumn’ (a synonym of پاییز pāyiz) |
