غزلیات مولانا
Rumi’s Ghazals
Rumi's Ghazals
غزل‌های مولانا به اقیانوسی می‌ماند که گوهر زیبایی در اعماقش نهفته است
دریایی مملو از غلیان که جلوه‌های حقیقت را در رنگ‌های بی‌بدیل واژه‌های فراموزون خود، جا داده‌است. تنوع رنگ‌ها در بستر خیال هرکس بروز ویژه‌ای دارد. گویا مولانا تمام گیتی و متعلقاتش را در سینه خود نهفته و گاه به گاه بخشی از این گنجینه را نُمایان می‌کند
مهرورزی‌های او که در بطن کلمات موزونش لانه دارد، گونه‌ای از موسیقی اَزَلی را تداعی می‌کند که با آهنگ‌های روزامد هم شانه شده‌اند. او جهان و هرچه در آن است را به رقص و پایکوبی می‌کشاند. این جذبه و کشش تنها از روح سرکش و اندیشه والای مولانا سرچشمه می‌گیرد
One could say that Rumi’s غزلیات ghazaliyyāt ‘ghazals, sonnets’ are like a vast ocean with gems hidden in its depths; a billowing sea containing many mystic truths, unique colours and rich vocabulary. The colours of this ocean of poetry are experienced and perceived by each person differently and uniquely. It is as if Rumi holds his treasured way of viewing the universe close to his chest, and occassionally shares his unique insight with others through his poetry.
Rumi’s affections, nested inside his melodious words, evoke a kind of eternal music, which can be especially felt when put to modern musical compositions. He makes the world and everything in it dance. This intense draw that we feel towards Rumi’s work originates from his rebellious spirit and sublime reflections.
Ghazal 1
Recited by Narguess Farzad
‘My friend, my sanctuary, my heart consuming love
You are my friend, my recluse, oh master, keep me safe,
You are Noah, you are the Spirit, you are the key, you are the unlocked.
You are the breast that’s laid open at the door of my secrets.
You are the light, you are the feast, you are the victorious sovereign,
You are the eagle of Mount Sinai, wounding me with your beak
You are the drop, you are the sea, you are the peace, you are the rage.
You are sweetness, you are hemlock, torment me no more.
You are the Sun’s chamber, you are Venus’ abode,
You are hope’s celestial garden, let me in my friend.
You are the day, you are the daily-bread, you are the plenitude dazzling the poor
You are the water, you are the pitcher, give me a drop, quench my thirst.
You are the seed you are the snare; you are the wine you are the cup.
You are the cooked, you are the raw, don’t leave me uncooked and rare.
If this body spun a little less, my heart would sway just a little less,
You’d be my path, there’d be no need for so many words.’
Yār marā ghār marā eshq-e jegar-khār marā
Yār tuyi ghār tuyi khāje negahdār marā
Nuh tuyi ruh tuyi fāteh-o maftuh tuyi
Sine-ye mashruh tuyi bar dar-e asrār marā
Nur tuyi sur tuyi dowlat-e mansur tuyi
Morgh-e kuh-e tur tuyi khaste be manqār marā
Qatre tuyi bahr tuyi lotf tuyi qahr tuyi
Qand tuyi zahr tuyi bish mayāzār marā
Hojre-ye khurshid tuyi khāne-ye nāhid tuyi
Rowzat-e omid tuyi rāh deh ey yār marā
Ruz tuyi ruze tuyi hāsel-e daryuze tuyi
Āb tuyi kuze tuyi āb deh in bār marā
Dāne tuyi dām tuyi bāde tuyi jām tuyi
Pokhte tuyi khām tuyi khām bemagzār marā
In tan agar kam tanadi rāh-e del-am kam zanadi
Rāh shodi tā nabodi in hame goftār marā
یار مرا غار مرا عشق جگرخوار مرا
یار تویی غار تویی خواجه نگهدار مرا
نوح تویی روح تویی فاتح و مفتوح تویی
سینه مشروح تویی بر در اسرار مرا
نور تویی سور تویی دولت منصور تویی
مرغ کوه طور تویی خسته به منقار مرا
قطره تویی بحر تویی لطف تویی قهر تویی
قند تویی زهر تویی بیش میازار مرا
حجره خورشید تویی خانه ناهید تویی
روضت امید تویی راه ده ای یار مرا
روز تویی روزه تویی حاصل دریوزه تویی
آب تویی کوزه تویی آب ده این بار مرا
دانه تویی دام تویی باده تویی جام تویی
پخته تویی خام تویی خام بمگذار مرا
این تن اگر کم تندی راه دلم کم زندی
راه شدی تا نبدی این همه گفتار مرا
English translation by Narguess Farzad.
Vocabulary:
| غار | Ghār | ‘Cave, cavern, den, sanctuary’ |
| عشق جگرخوار | Eshq-e jegar-khār | ‘Heart-consuming love’ (literally: ‘liver-eating love’) |
| نوح | Nuh | ‘Noah’ |
| مفتوح | Maftuh | ‘Unlocked, open’ |
| سینه مشروح | Sine-ye mashruh | ‘The breast that’s laid open’ (the word مشروح mashruh means ‘expansive, extensive, open, detailed’). |
| سور | Sur | ‘Banquet, feast’ |
| حجره | Hojre | Today this word means ‘chamber, cell’ but in Rumi’s day and age it would have had the meaning of ‘bedroom’ or one’s ‘bed chamber’. |
| خانه ناهید | Khāne-ye nāhid | ‘The house of Venus’ |
| روضت | Rowzat | Coming from the Arabic word روضة rowḍa meaning ‘garden, meadow’ |
| حاصل دریوزه | Hāsel-e daryuze | ‘The plentitude/harvest [that provides] for the poor/destitute’ |
Ghazal 2
Recited by Nahid Jabbari
‘O lovers, lovers, it is time to decamp from this world
The drum of departure reaches my soul’s ear from the sky
Now the cameleer has arisen and the camel train is arranged
The driver has begged for discharge, travelers, why are you still asleep?
Ahead and behind, these sounds, these sounds of drums and camel bells
Every moment a soul and a breath enters into the noplace
From these fallen candels, from these indigo plains
A wonderous tendency arises to make the invisible visible
From the turns of this wheel heavy slumber fell upon you
Woe from this short life, beware of this heavy slumber
My heart, go to your beloved, friend, go to your friend
Watchman wake up, it is improper for the watchman to sleep
Candles and torches on every side, noise and excitement on every side
For tonight this pregnant world will give birth to the world eternal
You were clay and you became heart, you were ignorant and you became intelligent
Whoever has thus dragged you, will draw you there and yonder
In ou’s draggings and drawings are pains that are pleasure
Ou’s flames are like waters, do not frawn upon them.’
Ey āsheqān, ey āsheqān, hengām-e kuch ast az jahān
Dar gush-e jān-am mi-resad tabl-e rahil az āsmān
Nak sārebān bar-khāste qattār-hā ārāste
Az mā halāli khāste che khofte-id ey kārevān
In bāng-hā az pish-o pas bāng-e rahil ast-o jaras
Har lahze-i nafs-o nafas sar mi-keshad dar lāmakān
Z-in sham’-hā-ye sarnegun z-in parde-hā-ye nilgun
Khalqi ajab āyad borun tā gheyb-hā gardad ayān
Z-in charkh-e dulābi to rā āmad gerān-khābi to rā
Faryād az in omr-e sabok zenhār az in khāb-e gerān
Ey del su-ye deldār show, ey yār su-ye yār show
Ey pāsbān bidār show khofte nashāyad pāsbān
Har suy sham’-o mash’ale har suy bāng-o mashghale
K-emshab jahān-e hāmele zāyad jahān-e jāvdān
Tu gel bodi-yo del shodi jāhel bodi āqel shodi
Ān ku keshidat in chonin ān su keshānad kesh keshān
Andar keshākesh-hā-ye u nush ast nākhush-hā-ye u
Āb ast ātash-hā-ye u bar vey makon ru rā gerān
ای عاشقان ای عاشقان هنگام کوچ است از جهان
در گوش جانم می رسد طبل رحیل از آسمان
نک ساربان برخاسته قطّارها آراسته
از ما حلالی خواسته چه خفته‌اید ای کاروان
این بانگ‌ها از پیش و پس بانگ رحیل است و جرس
هر لحظه‌ای نفس و نفس سر می کشد در لامکان
زین شمع‌های سرنگون زین پرده‌های نیلگون
خلقی عجب آید برون تا غیب‌ها گردد عیان
زین چرخ دولابی تو را آمد گران‌خوابی تو را
فریاد از این عمر سبک زنهار از این خواب گران
ای دل سوی دلدار شو ای یار سوی یار شو
ای پاسبان بیدار شو خفته نشاید پاسبان
هر سوی شمع و مشعله هر سوی بانگ و مشغله
کامشب جهان حامله زاید جهان جاودان
تو گِل بدی و دل شدی جاهل بدی عاقل شدی
آن کو کشیدت این چنین آن سو کشاند کش کشان
اندر کشاکش‌های او نوش است ناخوش‌های او
آب است آتش‌های او بر وی مکن رو را گران
Notes:
English translation by Gita Hashemi.
The last two lines of Gita Hashemi’s translation are interesting for her decision to not translate the genderless pronoun
او ou into English, as this would require her to chose between either ‘he’ or ‘she’ in the English translation. By leaving the original Persian pronoun untranslated, she is leaving the gender of the poem’s subject ambiguous.
Vocabulary:
| طبل رحیل | Tabl-e rahil | ‘The drum of departure’ |
| ساربان برخاسته قطّارها آراسته | Sārebān bar-khāste qattār-hā ārāste | ‘The cameleer arisen, the camel train arranged’ (Here the word قطار qatār ‘[camel] train’ should be pronounced with a tashdid on the طّ to preserve the rhythm of the poem). |
| حلال خواستن | Halāl khāstan | ‘To demand/want untying’ (translated in the poem as ‘begged for discharge’). |
| خفتن | Khoftan | ‘To sleep’ (a synonym of خوابیدن khābidan). |
| جرس | Jaras | ‘Bell, gong, chime’ |
| لامکان | Lāmakān | ‘Noplace, having no abode’ |
| نیلگون | Nilgun | ‘Indigo’ |
| عیان | Ayān | ‘Visible, evident, made explicit’ (a synonym of آشکار āshkār) |
| چرخ دولابی | Charkh-e Dulābi | ‘The spinning wheel’ (a metaphor for the heavens and the skies). |
| خواب گران | Khāb-e gerān | ‘A deep slumber’ |
| مشعله | Mash’ale | ‘Torch’ |
| مشغله | Mashghale | ‘Occupation, preoccupation, activity, passion’ (translated in the poem above as ‘excitement’). |
Ghazal 3
Recited by Nahid Jabbari
‘O Haj pilgrims who are on the road, where are you? Where?
Come back, come, the beloved is right here!
Your beloved is your neighbour, wall to wall
You are lost in the desert! What illusion are you under?
If you could see the beloved’s formless countenance
You would see that you yourself are the Kaaba, the Lord and the master.
Ten times you walked that road to that house
Come into this house once, ascend to this roof.
That house is pleasing, you have recited its marks
Now show me the distinctions of its master.
If you saw the garden, where are the flowers?
If you came from the Creator’s sea, where is your soul’s nacre?
Even so, may your toil be your trove!
Alas! You are the curtain that hides your treasure.’
Ey qowm-e be haj rafte kojāyid kojāyid
Ma’shuq hamin jā-st biyāyid biyāyid
Ma’shuq-e to hamsāye-ye divār be divār
Dar bādiye sargashte shomā dar che havāyid
Gar surat-e bi-surat-e ma’shuq bebinid
Ham khāje-vo ham khāne-vo ka’be shomāyid
Dah bār az ān rāh bedān khāne beraftid
Yek bār az in khāne bar in bām bar-āyid
Ān khāne latif-ast neshān-hā-sh begoftid
Az khāje-ye ān khāne neshāni benomāyid
Yek daste-ye gol ku agar ān bāgh bedidid
Yek gowhar-e jān ku agar az bahr-e khodāyid
Bā in hame ān ranj-e shomā ganj-e shomā bād
Afsus ke bar ganj-e shomā parde shomāyid
ای قوم به حج رفته کجایید کجایید
معشوق همین جاست بیایید بیایید
معشوق تو همسایه دیوار به دیوار
در بادیه سرگشته شما در چه هوایید
گر صورت بی‌صورت معشوق ببینید
هم خواجه و هم خانه و هم کعبه شمایید
ده بار از آن راه بدان خانه برفتید
یک بار از این خانه بر این بام برآیید
آن خانه لطیفست نشان‌هاش بگفتید
از خواجه آن خانه نشانی بنمایید
یک دسته گل کو اگر آن باغ بدیدید
یک گوهر جان کو اگر از بحر خدایید
با این همه آن رنج شما گنج شما باد
افسوس که بر گنج شما پرده شمایید
Vocabulary:
| بادیه | Bādiye | ‘Desert’ (a synonym of بیابان biyābān). |
| گوهر | Gowhar | ‘Jewel, gym, pearl’ |
| رنج شما گنج شما باد | Ranj-e shomā ganj-e shomā bād | ‘May your toil be your trove’ |
